Resumen 
La cuenca hidrográfica "El Limón" reviste su importancia por ser la provisora de agua para la ciudad de Zamora y un espacio para la agricultura y ganadería. El propósito fue caracterizar la zona de estudio mediante el uso de mapas temáticos integrados y herramientas participativas que permitan una visión integral de los recursos existentes y realizar una propuesta de zonificación con la participación de los colonos asentados, con alternativas para su manejo. Para la caracterización se elaboró el mapa de unidades ecológicas, se analizó la información con los programas TWINSPAN y CANOCO, análisis de nutrientes del suelo y lo socioeconómico se realizó con una encuesta de monitoreo. La geomorfología presenta 7 paisajes morfológicos, y su uso actual es: Bosque poco intervenido, Bosque intervenido, Vegetación degradada y pastizales. Se determinó 3 comunidades vegetales, y grupos fitosociológicos, siendo la comunidad vegetal III la que tiene mayor diversidad y exclusividad de especies, mientras que la composición florística representada por 52 Familias con 177 especies. Los aspectos socioeconómicos esta el sobrepastoreo, una limitada comercialización de productos, el aprovechamiento de madera. La propuesta maneja las zonas de silvopasturas; zona de protección; zona de manejo de bosque nativo y zona de conservación, con sus normas de uso y estrategias para la protección y conservación de la cuenca.
Palabras claves: Ordenamiento, Ecología, Caracterización, Población, Participativo.


Abstract 
This work presents a study on Ecological and Socioeconomic Zoncification of the hydrographic river basin "El Limon". El Lomon is the main water catchment for the city of Zamora, and constitutes a space for agriculture and cattle ranching. The objectives proposed and reached in the present study were: To characterize the zone of study by means of thematic maps, and integrated and participative tools that allow an integral vision of the existing resources. To make a proposal of zoncification with the participation of the colonos, by means of which alternatives for the suitable handling of the river basin are set out. The study was carried out in the hydrographic river basin "El Limon", located to the Southeast of the city of Zamora, limted to the North by Chorrillos, to the South and West by the National Park Podocarpus. Its extension is of 2139 has and the geographical coordinates are: Length: 78º 57' 34,05' to 79º 00' 35,68' ' and Latitude: 04º 03' 20.54 '' to 04º 06 ' 59.02 ' '. For the characterization the map of ecological units of the river basin by means of aerial photography's of year 1998 was elaborated and it was verified in the field, one analyzed the obtained data and the establishment of the initial map with grouping and separation of samples (TWINSPAN) and the relation between the edáficos factors and the vegetation (CANOCO). From each unit of landscape soil samples were taken for the analysis of nutrients (NPK, organic matter, pH), that allowed to determine soil fertility and relate this to the vegetation and slopes. The socioeconomic analysis was made through a monitored survey that was applied by the Program of Conservation Podocarpus - Poconos. The river basin this constituted by seven morphologic landscapes, the largest of which is forest with 1175 ha, secondary vegetation with 595 has, degraded vegetation with a surface of 41 has and pastures with 328 have. In the conducted analysis three vegetal communities were determined, and fitosociológicos groups were described on the basis of distribution and environmental characteristics, diversity and floristic composition, ecological parameters and ground characterization. The ecologically more important species are: Tapirira guianensis; Nectandra acutifolia¸ Persea caerulea; Psammisia aberrans; Hyeronima sp; Palicourea sp., 52 Families with 177 species, were found. The largest families were Melastomataceae, Lauraceaea and Rubiaceae. On the socioeconomic aspects of the river basin this the overgrazing by cattle, the limited commercialization of products, due to the difficulty of access to the communities. A proposal of ecological and socioeconomic Zonificación was developed based on landscape units. Four zones were identified: Silvopasturil zone; zone of protection; zone of handling of native forest and zone of conservation.
Key words: Ordering, Ecology, Characterization, Population, Participative